Physics ISA Thermistor generalised Paper 1 guide Essay

1. My speculation is that the obstruction diminishes as the temperature increments. I anticipate my outcomes will have a negative relationship, and that as the temperature 2. http://www.gcsesciencemethods.co.uk/2014/05/thermistor-obstruction subordinate on.html http://www.nuffieldfoundation.org/useful material science/impact temperature-thermistor The primary technique contained a hazard evaluation just as a decision of two strategies, one with a computerized multimeter just as one with a force gracefully and an ammeter. The subsequent strategy has a clarification concerning how a thermistor functions, however I picked the primary technique since it had a multimeter strategy, which is simpler than utilizing a force flexibly and an ammeter, as it peruses opposition straightforwardly in Ohms. 3. The gear I will utilize is a NTC Thermistor, Hot Water (200ml), Cold Water (200ml), Beaker (500ml), Thermometer (0-100c), Digital Multimeter, and Connecting leads. You should bubble water (at any rate 200ml) and put it in a measuring utencil of at any rate 250ml, and afterward the equivalent with ordinary water. You will at that point need to utilize interfacing prompts associate the computerized multimeter to the thermistor. You should turn the multimeter on, and set it to understand Ohms, which is the unit for Resistance (Pd/current). You will at that point pour the boiling water in the 500ml measuring utencil, and drench the thermistor into the 500ml recepticle. You will at that point hold up until the high temp water arrives at 70c, and afterward measure the opposition in Ohms. You will at that point rehash the examination, to expand exactness and to spot irregularities that may influence your conclusive outcomes. You will take a mean by including the two outcomes and partitioning them by two.

Approaches to Health Informatics Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about the Approaches to Health Informatics. Answer: Review As indicated by the suggestions of Right to Information, the administration authorities of assorted fields are depended with the duty to pass on right and genuine data to the overall population (Kellermann and Jones 2013). This proposition would give a knowledge into the various methodologies towards the part of wellbeing informatics. The significant features of the proposition are the improvement of points and destinations, which would control the specialist to conclude new realities from the insightful articles on the proposed inquire about subject (O'Leary 2013). Besides, system would improve the biased information on the specialist as far as aggregating fundamental information for the execution of the examination (Panneerselvam 2014). Point The point of this proposition is uncover what extent of the clinical staffs are not utilizing RiskMan to report episodes alongside the assessment of the piece of the experience of utilizing the framework is prompting staff not detailing occurrences by means of RiskMan with the goal that the adequacy of the RiskMan can be recognized. Goals To recognize what extent of the clinical staffs are not utilizing RiskMan to report occurrences To assess what part of the experience of utilizing the framework is prompting staff not revealing episodes by means of RiskMan To suggest techniques for expanding the utilization of RiskMan Research Questions What extent of the clinical staff isn't utilizing RiskMan to report episodes? What part of the experience of utilizing the framework is prompting staff not revealing occurrences by means of RiskMan? Research Hypothesis H0: A colossal extent of clinical staffs not use RiskMan to report occurrences H1: An enormous extent of clinical staffs use RiskMan to report occurrences Writing Review In this section, different parts of wellbeing informatics are talked about. Contemplating extraordinary and wide extending sources would widen the points of view of the analyst with respect to exacting legitimate and right data to the overall population (Toennessen et al. 2013). One of the significant features of this section would be the hypothetical use of RiskMan, which is help with terms of unconstrained detailing of the risky occurrences. The disclosures of the book entitled, Guide to Health Informatics would shape a basic component as far as overflowing the insightful perspectives on wellbeing informatics (Coiera 2015). Thus, lays the relationship with the word control. Successful thought of the disclosures of the book would help the social insurance experts to pass on right and real data to the administration clients. For this, specific mechanical contemplations should be trailed by the social insurance associations. Help from the book, Organizational parts of wellbeing informatics: overseeing mechanical change would assist the specialist with shedding light on the practices embraced by the human services experts for announcing the cases (Lorenzi and Riley 2013). Hilbers et al. (2013) portrays that use of RiskMan demonstrates advantageous as far as relieving the power of the hazard factors for the faculty just as the administration client. Adherence and consistence to the PC enactments, for example, Data Protection Act (1998) helps in keeping up the wellbeing and security of the official information just as the individual assets of the administration clients. Establishment of security programming in the profile of the administration clients can be associated to the activity of dealing with the innovative changes for guaranteeing that the administration clients get the entrance to right and bona fide wellbeing related data (Zheng et al. 2014). Inside this, one of a fundamental change is the selection of the RiskMan programming, which causes the social insurance faculty to alleviate the force of the hazard factors through quantitative hazard examination (Lyapina et al. 2015). The progression of science identifies with the expanded access to the wellbeing related data. Maeda et al. (2012) depict that a proof of this is the wearable innovation, which causes the administration clients to connect with the social insurance experts anytime of time. The establishment of the product in the watches worn by the administration clients lines up with the expression of human-on top of it (Holzinger 2016). Upkeep of a coordinated structure for the use of the product improves the estimation of the biased methodology towards wellbeing informatics (Kavaler and Alexander 2012). Diving profound into the part of informatics, the fundamental thought process is to illuminate individuals and update their insight. Alexander and Kavaler (2012) insist that taking into account the prior sentence, the field of wellbeing can be considered as a piece of the informatics. In this, lays a complexity between the speculation and classification of the parts of wellbeing and informatics. Hypothetical application inside this thought process goes about as mode for lessening the dangers and adding quality to the expectations for everyday comforts of the individuals (Coiera 2015). Maeda (2012) in addition contends that the speculation of individuals in the prior sentence negates the restriction of Australia. Research Methodology Mackey and Gass (2015) expressed that examination strategy gives a diagram of the exploration procedure with the goal that the examination result can be acquired in a precise manner. This segment in this way includes look into theory, information assortment process, information examination strategy, moral thought and the exploration constraints. Research Philosophy For each exploration, the specialist follows a specific way of thinking, which helps in the foundation of true realities and ends (Sarantakos 2012). For the most part there are three sorts of methods of reasoning, for example, positivism, post-positivism and interpretivism. In the event of the ebb and flow look into, the analyst would pick positivism and interpretivism (Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault 2015). Wahyuni (2012) depicts that the purpose for this determination is to conclude new realities from the genuine and logical realities accumulated from the academic articles on wellbeing informatics. Information Collection Information are gathered in an exploration so as to acquire wanted research result. () portrays that information can be gathered through two strategies essential information assortment and optional information assortment (Leening et al. 2012). Essential information are gathered legitimately through the respondents of the examination and gathered through meetings and overview. Then again, auxiliary information are gathered through sources like articles, peer diaries, companys sites, measurable information in magazines and paper selection (Bryman and Bell 2015). In this examination, the essential quantitative information is used for gathering information (Palinkas et al. 2015). Inside this, 35 clinical staffs from various medical clinics and care homes would be studied in regards to their utilization of RiskMan for announcing dangerous episodes. Study survey structures would be circulated to the staffs before the conversation meeting. Alongside this, meeting would be led on five admini strators of these clinics so as to increase an understanding into the administrative methodology on the utilization of programming for collecting data to the administration clients with respect to medicinal services. In general, both the quantitative and subjective information assortment strategy would be picked by the specialist for doing this exploration (Panneerselvam 2014). Information Analysis The gathered information for the examination is broke down through two different ways quantitatively and subjectively (Eriksson and Kovalainen 2015). The essential information are investigated through quantitatively; then again, auxiliary information is dissected through subjectively. Subjective information investigation strategies feature the way toward examining the sources applicable to the examination theme are likewise alluded for connecting the foreseen discoveries with the created goals (Maxwell 2012). In this exploration, both the subjectively and quantitatively techniques is used in investigating the essential and optional information assortment. Moral Considerations Each exploration is led through the thought of specific contemplations by the scientist. Rising effective toward this path enhances the jobs and obligations of the specialist as an individual (Miller et al. 2012). The significant drive behind this is the cognizant methodology towards the conservation of poise and suppositions of the examples (Silverman 2016). In this exploration, the analyst would hold fast to the recommendations of Data Protection Act (1998), which would empower the specialist to abstain from any sort of pressurization in regards to the reviews and meetings. At the end of the day, the examples would be at freedom to pull back the procedure without a moment's delay when they feel awkward. This freedom lines up with the singularity of the examples and protection of this uniqueness is the credit of the scientist regarding keeping up look into morals (Flick 2015). Research Limitations Analysts put forth attempts to complete the examination in a proficient and viable way. Be that as it may, inferable from the conditions, the specialist neglects to execute the examination in incredible profundity (Faden et al. 2013). For the most part in an examination, there are two sorts of restrictions, time and monetary. Countering this, both are interrelated with one another. Absence of money related adaptability forces the analyst to experience challenges as far as embrace just a single technique for information assortment and examination. This restrains the degree and field of the examination. This is additionally appropriate for the time limitations, which urges the scientist to bargain with the nature of the examination (Baskerville and Wood 2016). On account of this examination, the absence of money related and time imperatives would bring about the accomplishment of negative results, which goes about as an interaction with the fundamental right controlled by the people. End This report rises fruitful in giving a knowledge into the unique and wide going methodologies towards wellbeing informatics. This has been completed by building up a proposition

How to Build Credit When You Have No Credit at All

How to Build Credit When You Have No Credit at All How to Build Credit When You Have No Credit at All How to Build Credit When You Have No Credit at AllFixing a bad credit score is one thing, but what if you don’t have any credit score at all? Can you really make credit from nothing? Of course, you can!Were not breaking any news here when we tell you that your credit score is very important. But it’s still very important! At some point, you’re probably going to need a personal loan or a credit card or you’re going to want to sign a lease. Unless of course, you can just afford to purchase everything with giant suitcases of cash.But if you could, you probably wouldn’t be reading this article. You’d be too busy working with top engineers in an effort to make your solid gold jet plane actually capable of flight.Still, don’t believe credit is important? Here’s an example of why it’s so valuable, from certified financial planner and Founder and CEO of  Doing Money Right, Byron Ellis:“Have you ever noticed how companies brag about how long they’ve been around? Restaura nts, banks, construction companies… they include ‘Est.’ in their logos and proudly announce the first year they opened their doors. Why?“Because they want to give you a sense of enduring quality, and more importantly, consistency. If a business has managed to survive for decades, it implies that they have been able to keep loyal customers coming back. And they want you to become a loyal customer too!“That’s sort of how credit works. What makes a good credit score is a long history of consistent, regular payments on debt, which reassures lenders that you will make consistent payments in the future.”Now, fixing a bad credit score is one thing, but what if you don’t have a credit score in the first place? Can you really make credit from nothing? Of course, you can! We asked the experts and now we bring the answers to you! Heres  how credit scores work.Your credit score is a number between 300 and 850 that is generated using information from your credit reports, which tr ack your history of borrowing money. You have three different credit reports, one each from the three major credit bureaus, TransUnion, Experian, and Equifax.The higher the number, the more likely lenders will be to believe that you’ll pay back a loan you’ve taken out. It can also be used when you’re  applying for a lease and, in rare cases, when you’re being considered for a job.There are five factors that go into your credit score. In order from most to least important, those factors are payment history, amounts owed, length of credit history, credit mix, and new credit inquiries.So how can you use your knowledge of those factors to create a good credit score out of thin air?Pay your bills on time!As we just told you in the previous section, payment history is the single largest factor in shaping your credit score. That’s why it’s important that, as soon as you have bills, you’re paying those bills on time, right out of the gate.“First, pay your bills on time,” a dvised financial coach and author  Karen Ford. “Any medical bills, utilities, rent, should all be paid on time. Although these aren’t car payments or credit cards, they can still affect any credit you may trying to build.”Avoid overborrowing.You need credit to have a credit history, and that means taking on debt. But not too much debt!“The number one rule of credit is this: Only borrow what you can pay back!” warned Ellis.“Once you’ve started to build up your credit score, lenders will take notice. Keep in mind that they want to loan you money, so they can earn interest, and if you’ve proven that you can make consistent payments, you’re a perfect candidate!“Credit cards, mortgages, vehicle loans … you’ll be approved to borrow much, much more than you can realistically afford to pay back. The average American family carries around $135,000 in debt, $7,000 of which is revolving credit card debt. On top of that, one in 11 say that they don’t think they will ev er be completely free of credit card debt. Don’t fall into the debt trap!“Remember that success is about balance, he added. Figure out how much you can afford to spend on a monthly basisâ€"AFTER doing things like saving for retirementâ€"and then whatever is left over can go towards debt payments.”Youll need to start slow.If you don’t have any credit, you may not be able to qualify for personal installment loans with reasonable interest rates. But there is a way to take on good debt to build up your credit without having to deal with sky-high Annual Percentage Ratings (APRs), which is the full cost of a loan in a given year including fees and interest.“Get a secured credit card,” recommended Smart Shopping Expert Trae Bodge. “Building credit is all about using credit and a secured credit card is a good way to do that. With secured cards, you start with funds you deposit, and then you pay back what you spend.”You can also hop onto an already existing card.“Become an authorized user,” suggested Katie Ross, Education and Development Manager at  American Consumer Credit Counseling, or ACCC. “Obtain credit in your name as an authorized user on a parent/guardian’s account. This will help you build credit until you are able to qualify for credit on your own.”However, even if you’re paying off your credit card bill in full each month, as you should, you still don’t want to charge too much on it.“Don’t max out your cards,” Ross told us. “Maintain a good credit utilization ratio (don’t exceed 30 percent of the credit that’s available to you).”Be careful how many accounts you open.While you may be tempted to open as many accounts as possible to grow your credit score as soon as possible, this is not a good move!“We’ve mentioned several great options for building your credit score up from zero, but they all have one thing in common: they take time,” Ellis explained. “If you’re impatient like I am, you might think ‘hey , if I open two or three of these accounts at once, that will build my credit twice as fast!’ Right?“Let me tell you … definitely not! Here’s why. Every time you apply for new credit, the lender will pull your full credit report from the credit bureaus I mentioned earlier. This is called a Hard Inquiry and it’s visible to other lenders. “When lenders see multiple Hard Inquiries back-to-back, they know that you have added additional debt in a short period of time.“And that makes them nervous! Their primary concern is getting their money back, and the more debt you add at once, the higher the likelihood that you will stop paying on at least one of those loans.“Have you ever had a favorite local restaurant that tried to grow too fast, opened up a bunch of new locations at once, and failed because they couldn’t maintain the same quality as before Bingo! Don’t stretch yourself too thin.”Ross echoed that advice: “Limit the number of open accounts. Apply for and ope n new credit card accounts only when it is truly necessary. Too many opened accounts can send a negative message to your potential lenders.”Don’t get ahead of yourself.You’re not suddenly going to have a great credit score overnight. And that’s OK.“Start small,” advised Ford. “The amount you end of charging is small in comparison to you paying on time. Whether you charge a lot or a little, make the payments on time as this will build credit.”It isn’t always easy to build up your credit, but it’ll be worth it in the long run. When a financial emergency strikes, nonexistent or bad credit could leave you stuck with predatory bad credit loans and no credit check loans like payday loans, title loans, and cash advances in order to make ends meet.To learn more about how your credit score worksâ€"and what you can do to improve itâ€"check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:What Are the Side Effects of Bad Credit?No Credit Card? Here Are 6 Ways You Can Stil l Fix Your Credit ScoreCredit Utilization Ratio: What It Is, Why It’s Important, and How to Master ItWant to Raise Your Credit Score by 50 Points? Here Are Some TipsDo you have a question about credit scores youd like us to answer?  Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.Visit OppLoans on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIN  |  InstagramContributorsTrae Bodge (@truetrae) is an accomplished lifestyle journalist and TV commentator who specializes in smart shopping, personal finance, beauty, toys, parenting,  and retail. In addition to monthly Best Buys segments on CBS2 NY, Fox 5 NY and ABC/WJLA in DC, she has appeared on dozens of TV shows, including Rachael Ray, Inside Edition, CNBC and network affiliates nationwide. Trae has been named a Top Voice in Retail by LinkedIn and a top personal finance expert by GoBankingRates and FlexJobs. She is a contributing editor at Womans Day magazine and her writing and expert commentary have also appeared in Forbes, USNews.com, Kiplingers, Marketwatch, MSN Money, Yahoo Finance, VICE Guide to Life and numerous others.Byron Ellis (@byronellistweet) is the Managing Director at United Capital Financial Life Management  (@United_Capital) and the Founder/CEO of  Doing Money Right.  He has been helping families with their Financial Life Management since 1989 and has built and grown one of the most successful firms in the entire country! Byron  lives in Woodland Texas where he has a weekly financial column in The Villager and Courier, two local newspapers.Karen Ford is a Master Financial Coach, Public Speaker, Entrepreneur, and Best- Selling Author. Her #1 Amazon Best Selling Book “Money Matters” is a discovery for many.  In “Money Matters” she provides keys to demolishing debt, shares how to budget correctly, and gives principles in wealth building.Katie Ross, joined the  American Consumer Credit Counseling, or ACCC, management team in 2002 and is currently responsible for organizing and imp lementing high-performance development initiatives designed to increase consumer financial awareness. Ms. Ross’s main focus is to conceptualize the creative strategic programming for ACCC’s client base and national base to ensure a maximum level of educational programs that support and cultivate ACCC’s organization.

Gun Control And Border Security - 2025 Words

Gun control and border security are two of the major problems Texas is facing these days. According to, â€Å"The Texas Political Project†, immigration is the top most problem Texas is facing today while border security is the second. This leads to an increase in other illegalities like drug trafficking, homicides, mafia wars etc. Premature birth, persistent extermination, and the death penalty are all ambiguous issues in today s general public. Gun control is one of the most convoluted and contentious issues in Texas today. The right to bear arms commenced from the minute men and the American Revolution. The second amendment states: A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. It allows ordinary people to protect themselves and their families from harm. According to statistics, most Americans believe that an average citizen should have the right to own a handgun. However, they also want proper regulation from the government. U.S has a 1,900 miles long border with Mexico of which 1,254 miles exists in Texas. There is a persistent threat of drug smuggling, illegal aliens, violent gangs, and the concomitant rise in violence is no more evident than in the state of Texas. To enter into the United States without permissions is a federal crime. Illegal immigration is an arduous problem to solve and most likely will never be thoroughly solved. Never the less, it is a problem thatShow MoreRelatedDrugs Inc1667 Words   |  7 Pagesthere is a critical need to increase Department of Defense initiatives, in conjunction with the other elements of national power, to develop a decisive anti-drug cartel strategy that will provide security for not only our nation but other nations as well and its citizens at home and abroad. Narcotics, guns and violence, the powerful elements of a never ending war. All these elements are part of the campaign to rid the world of the disaster that drugs so ferociously have inflicted upon the UnitedRead MoreSecurity On The Southern Border1246 Words   |  5 Pages Security on the Southern Border Jaden Truxal ENGL 1101 Ms. Floyd 8 November 2016 Outline: Security on the Southern Border I. Increased security along the southern border is vitally needed to protect America from foreign threats. A. Purpose: To persuade the audience that increasing the security on the United States’ southern border is essential for this nation. B. The U.S. needs and must have more border security, but not the kind that President- elect, Donald Trump, is thinkingRead MoreFighting the Juarez Cartel648 Words   |  3 Pagesand costly initiative aimed at stemming the flow of illegal drugs into the United States with a specific focus on the well-worn trafficking paths snaking inward from south of the Mexican border. The failure of the War is perhaps best reflected in the incredible carnage and violence which continue to grip key border regions like Juarez. This territory, controlled by the notorious Juarez cartel, is the site of ongoing turf wars with rival drug peddlers, the Sinaloa Cartel, as well as with law enforcementRead MoreGeneral Election Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pagespoverty, border security, immigration, and more funding to public schools for our youth. According to a Poll release conducted in June 2017 by the University of Texas, issues based on my district’s demographics include immigration, border secu rity, political corruption/leadership, unemployment, education, and health care (Blank 2017). Among my district’s population of democrats, political corruption and leadership is the most important issue while my district’s republican population believes border securityRead MoreMexico Case Study964 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen expensive and destructive. It is important that the U.S. and Mà ©xico work together to continue strengthening their security cooperation. The U.S. and Mà ©xico must work on strengthening Mà ©xico’s judicial procedures, fight corruption, and reform the police forces. Because it is clear that this issue also affects the U.S., it would be beneficial for the U.S. to work on improving its gun laws and increase emphasis on prevention and treatment for drug addicts. Improving Mà ©xico’s rule of law is an importantRead More Mexican Cartel Essay1524 Words   |  7 Pagesalong the U.S.-Mexico border. But it was the American appetite for coc aine in the 1970s that gave Mexican drug cartels immense power to manufacture and transport drugs across the border. Early Mexican gangs were primarily situated in border towns where prostitution, drug use, bootlegging and extortion flourished† (Wagner). They keep themselves armed and ready with gun supplies shipped from the U.S, taking control of the drug trades. 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However, despite the acknowledgment of the need to have better gun laws, much ground and consensus has never reached. Such, to an extent, contributed to the current lack of political goodwill withinRead MoreThe United States Of America1419 Words   |  6 Pagesin the drug cartel are not only in Mexico, they are in the United States as well. Street gangs with cartel ties are not only in Los Angeles and Dallas, but also in many smaller cities across the United States and much farther north of the Mexican border. Mexican cartels had a presence in 230 cities in the United States in 2008, according to the U.S. Justice Department. Its 2011 report shows that presence has grown to more than 1,000 U.S. cities. While the violence has remained mostly in Mexico, authoritiesRead MoreGun Control : Argumentative Essay Essay1702 Words   |  7 Pages100 3 November, 2014 Gun Control: Argumentative Essay The gun control debate is a good example that justifies the common known mantra that history will always repeat itself. Gun control is a regulation put forward with an aim of managing the purchase and ownership of firearms with the main aim being to reduce the criminal and unsafe use of firearms. The gun control measures involve strategies such as registration of firearms aimed at restricting the ownership of guns by people proved to be

The Golden Parachute Option for CEOs - 1806 Words

Imagine being in a world where people are paid in cash bonuses, stock options, or generous severance pay when fired from their job due to a company merger, are asked to leave, or choose to retire. This happens to be a reality for many CEO’s and top executives of companies. We live in an economy where mergers and take over’s have become common, and to allow this option for the highest paid employees of a company is arguably unfair. While researching golden parachutes, I formed questions due to the circumstances surrounding this executive option. For example, why should CEO’s, who live very comfortably, be given a compensation package for losing their position due to a company merger or retirement when employee and shareholder’s futures are†¦show more content†¦Once executives were getting these highly substantial payments, shareholders quickly questioned executives for their integrity and motive due to this high increase in payment amounts. There h ave been many debated reasons in support of and against golden parachutes on account of the increase in payment amounts and how the terms of their severance package were written out. It interests me how easy someone can be opposed to golden parachutes from a middle class citizen’s view, where we all want to be paid the same dollar figures as top executives. It’s strongly argued golden parachutes give the feeling that CEO’s and top executives are solely looking out for themselves, not considering how investors and employees will be impacted by mergers. As I stated in my opening paragraph, â€Å"Why should CEO’s be given a compensation package for losing their job due to a company merger or retirement when employee and shareholder’s futures are at stake?† Andrew Ross Sorkin supported this notion in his article Executive Pay: A Special Report; Those Sweet Trips to the Merger Mall in which he stated, â€Å"Mergers and acquisitions can be get-rich-quick paths for top corporate managers, providing a personal incentive to get the deal done, no matter what happens to shareholders. And they are no longer just for chief executives who sell their companiesShow MoreRelatedCorporate Ceos Of Low Wage Employees1049 Words   |  5 Pagesextremely high, production and nonsupervisory workers took home only $35,000 on average in 2013, and a full-time worker making the federal minimum wage earned only $15,080. One of the famous terms being used in correlation to fired CEO s is â€Å"golden parachutes†. This is where CEO s are being paid when they leave the company they are working for and they receive a compensation that is far greater than the salary that they take home. In other words, you get paid more to be fired, than you do if youRead MoreUs Auto Industry Back on Top1658 Words   |  7 Pagesand scrutinized by the general public, the topic warrants much debate. In the 1990’s, total executive compensation increased substantially as companies began offering stock option programs; CEO’s of Samp;P 500 saw an average increase of 150%. While many top U.S. executives continued to receive enormous compensation options throughout the economic downturns of 2001 and 2008, none was more apparent than those in the automotive industry. While the big three, comprising of General Motors, Ford andRead MoreEnormouse Wealth of CEOs1194 Words   |  5 PagesOthers may think it is the amount of petroleum being drilled for. I am sure none of you would have guessed it was the amount of money Mark Zuckerburg, the creator of Facebook, made in one year. Executive compensation is bonuses and benefits given to CEO’s of companies on top of the base salary they are receiving. The amount, as you see, can be astronomical which will lead one to question the ethics of employee compensation programs. While it may motivate some people to perform better so they may increaseRead MoreWhy Do Executives Receive Such High Compensation And How It Affects Our Democracy?1982 Words   |  8 Pagesdiscredited by the Golden Parachute, Silver Para chute, or even Golden Boot.(â€Å"Golden Parachute†). The three methods take away the initial fear of job loss and give them a cushion upon termination that most employees could only dream of having. CEOs are guaranteed money that is promised to the executives granted mergers, takeovers, or any circumstance that would affect the employment status of an executive. The three payment methods also come with bonuses that give stock options or cash bonuses. AccordingRead MoreThe Ethics Behind A Ceo Making 600 Times More Than An Average Worker1440 Words   |  6 PagesObama. Section 953 specifically states companies must disclose information surrounding pay-for-performance and the difference between the CEO’s salary and median salary for all other employees (Dodd Frank, 2010). While a previous source stated the pay ratio falls to below 4:1, this statistic doesn’t include any type of equity-compensation including stock options and â€Å"off-the-grid† bonuses. After the financial crisis, when many Americans were laid off, the average compensation of CEOs actually roseRead MoreEthics Essay2054 Words   |  9 Pagesthose roads were not traveled. Many argue that government intervention could have prevented the backlash and whitewater effect of Nortel’s bankruptcy, but due to corporate ties within the government and the Securities and Exchange Commission the many CEO’s continued to elude the government auditors and the stakeholders. From an ethical perspective, there were several factors that contributed to the rise and fall of Nortel. The initial CEO and founder of Nortel, John Roth, demonstrated altruistic behaviorRead MoreEssay about Critical Theory of Communication in Organizations1644 Words   |  7 Pagescan become more productive and democratic through communication reforms. Humanists feel that meanings are in people not words. Deetz accepts this but goes another step and wants to know whose meanings are in people. The companies meanings, the CEO’s meanings, the perception the companies give as their meanings, this is what Deetz is looking for. When people use slang in big business, they begin to put corporate values in to play. According to EM Griffin, this theory is critical in that he wantsRead MoreExecutive Compensation2125 Words   |  9 Pagesboards. Measures needed to be taken to form regulations to provide stronger accountability, to prevent these types of scandals from happening and to rebuild the confidence of investors. Corporate governance of publicly traded companies was no longer an option, it became a must. The public and the media demanded laws to protect future investors and shareholders (Colley, Jr, Doyle, Logan, amp; Stettinius, 2005). With most of the world’s financial markets in crisis and recession, the public has becomeRead MoreFlinder Valves and Controls Inc3251 Words   |  14 Pagessince German CEOs usually cannot gain the huge benefit of ‘Golden Parachutes’, a contract provides benefits to a top executive in the event that a takeover of the company resulted in his losing his job with a package of severance pay, stock options or a bonus, as many of their US and UK peers do, the CEO of Mannesmann, Esser, was not motivated to accept the acquisition proposal, since the offer would actually made him ‘flying without no parachute’. Staff in Mannesmann would also oppose to the acquisitionRead MoreFlinder Valves and Controls Inc3267 Words   |  14 Pagessince German CEOs usually cannot gain the huge benefit of ‘Golden Parachutes’, a contract provides benefits to a top executive in the event that a takeover of the company resulted in his losing his job with a package of severance pay, stock options or a bonus, as many of their US and UK peers do, the CEO of Mannesmann, Esser, was not motivated to accept the acquisition proposal, since the offer would actually made him ‘flying without no parachute’. Staff in Mannesmann would also oppose to the acquisition

Macro Eco - 1739 Words

Question 1: Assume that Econoland produces haircuts and shirts with inputs of labor. Econoland has 1000 hours of labor available. A haircut requires  ½ hour of labor, while a shirt requires 5 hours of labor. Construct Econolands PPF. Answer 1: To construct Econolands Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) we first need to understand what is a PPF. A production possibilities frontier (PPF) is a graph showing the different quantities of two goods that an economy can efficiently produce with limited productive resources. Points along the curve describe the trade-off between the two goods, that is, the opportunity cost. Opportunity cost here measures how much an additional unit of one good costs in units forgone of the other good.†¦show more content†¦Macroeconomics deals with both long run economic growth and the short run business cycles that constitute the business cycle. Macroeconomics focuses on the economic behaviour and policies that affect consumption and investment, the domestic currency and trade balance, the determinants of changes in wages and prices, monetary and fiscal policies, the supply of money, the budget, interest rates and national debt. There are also a number of secondary objectives which are held to lead to the maximization of income over the long run. While there are variations between the objectives of different national and international entities, most follow the ones detailed below: o Sustainability - a rate of growth which allows an increase in living standards without undue structural and environmental difficulties. Economic growth will be studied later on in this book. o Full employment - where those who are able and willing to have a job can get one, given that there will be a certain amount of frictional and structural unemployment. o Price stability - when prices remain largely stable, and there is not rapid inflation or deflation. Price stability is not necessarily the same as zero inflation, but instead steady levels of low-moderateShow MoreRelatedThe Fragance Market and Perfume Industry792 Words   |  3 Pagesenvironment. Despite the recession, the fragrances market have managed to boost their ma rket value and thrive in the slowly recovering economy. To stay in business, it is imperative for marketing managers in fragrances to acknowledge issues in their macro and micro environments, such as the current economic state, the behaviour of consumers and governmental issues revolving around the perfume industry. In spite of the slow recovery from the 2008 recession, market value of fragrances have increasedRead MoreThe Marketing and Management Decisions of Woolworths Limited730 Words   |  3 Pages2009:132). Woolworths, key task is to understand the marketing environment factors that influence the business either positively or negatively. Macro environment is made up of political, economic, social, technological, legal, physical and demographic factors which affect the business from outside. With the recent changes that are taking place in the macro environment, it is important that businesses, including Woolworths are able to prepare themselves for these changes which have an impact on theRead MoreTechnological Aspects of Eco-Innovation746 Words   |  3 PagesIn Indonesia, the project primarily focused on the technological aspects of eco-innovation, specifically the greening of the production process utilizing both simple and advanced cleaner production options that the majority of S MEs in newly-industrializing nations had consumed and disposed energy resources that contribute to the environmental degradation. Moreover, the establishment of AESIC is also to encourage sustainable production and improve management activities of SMEs that leads toRead MoreA Study On The Concord Waterfall1569 Words   |  7 Pagesthat has the potential to capture both local and foreign markets in terms of Eco, Health and Wellness Tourism, but there are some challenges that have ensued in establishing this product on the market. This study is mainly based on the principles of †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. and how it can be applied or is applied to the Concord Waterfall which is the focus of my study. The Concord Waterfall is an ideal location to invest in the area of eco, health and wellness tourism. Presently, in the Caribbean region health andRead MoreAttitude And Perception Of Banks Employees Toward Green Banking1404 Words   |  6 PagesATTITUDE AND PERCEPTION OF BANKS EMPLOYEES TOWARD GREEN BANKING INTRODUCTION In the present era of globalization, as everyone is focused on the development process on the both levels, i.e. micro as well as at macro level and want to capture the world market at any cost, but they forget the side effects of development process which directly effect our environment and leads to the problem of climate change. The increase in the human activity, causes emission of harmful gases such as carbon dioxideRead MoreSustainability Analysis : The Rain Forrest Alliance And Dole Food Company1136 Words   |  5 Pagesanalyze the discrepancies and similarities between their respective concepts. Through the analysis, this essay will provide reasoned conjectures concerning the repercussions of having such discrepancies and similarities, and thus provide conclusions for macro-level discussions on the legitimacy of â€Å"sustainability† as a term, as well as an agent of initiative. The Rain Forrest Alliance addresses all pillars of sustainability – environment, social, and economic -- with its admission of its mission: â€Å"TheRead MoreMy Midterm Paper : Gloria And Alejandro Sanchez1629 Words   |  7 Pagesoccur at the individual or environmental level or in the relationship between the two. When looking at the person in environment lens, I prefer to use a micro-mezzo-macro approach. In this approach, looking at the individual as the micro level, the family as the mezzo level, and society or the community the individual lives in as the macro level. Many times, change at one level leads to change in another. I continue to focus on the individual and the environment, but I look at strength such as theRead MoreDeveloping an Action Plan for Central Kalhari Game Reserve961 Words   |  4 Pagesriverbeds also being the indigenous land for the First People of Kalahari (FPK) whom are commonly referred to as Basarwa or the San. Furthermore the park is on e of the first to have the eco-lodge which also acts as an attraction as it faces the Tau Pan according to (Maryland 2009). 1.2 MACRO/MICRO ENVIRONMENT The macro environment are the external variables that affect the organization and the organization does not have control over them this being politics, economy, socio-cultural and technology (PEST)Read MoreCase Analysis : Tesla s Marketing Goals Essay1559 Words   |  7 Pagesniche market of electric, self-driving cars has presented several opportunities and threats due to the strengths and weaknesses of the organisation. 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Grapes Of Wrath By Steinbeck (491 words) Essay Example For Students

Grapes Of Wrath By Steinbeck (491 words) Essay Grapes Of Wrath By SteinbeckPurpose Essentially, The Grapes of Wrath is a novel of social protest. It wasdesigned to inform the public of the migrants plight. It is a plea for the landowners of California and the banks in the dust bowl states to be more tolerant. It shows how the migrants were made to starve by the California land owners andbanks just so they could turn a profit. It shows many of the methods that theyused to cheat the migrants out of money and keep them from organizing. Ma JoadMa Joad is the backbone of the Joad family. When things were really bad thefamily turned to her and not to Pa. The family gauged their own emotions bylooking at her reaction. She knew that if she faltered then the whole familywould collapse. She is always concerned for the welfare of her own family, butstill tries to help others as much as possible as show by her helping of theWilsons and when she gave food to the children in the camp when she barely hadenough to feed the family anyway. She fights throughout the book to keep thefamily together, and without her the family would have fallen apart quickly. Inspite of this she still sees that the family is breaking apart. She fights thisas much as possible, but isnt completely successful. She knows that if Pa evergives up, the family will collapse, so sometimes she goads him into anger sothat he doesnt. Jim Casy The preacher, Jim Casy, can be seen as a modern dayChrist figure, except for without the Christian Doctrine. The initials of hisname, J.C., are the same as Jesus Christ. When he is saying grace in chaptereight, he compares himself to Jesus: I been in the hills, thinkin, almostyou might say like Jesus wen into the wilderness to think His way out oftroubles.(pg 70-71) Casy believed in the Emersonian Over-Soul, that we areall have a small part of a larger soul, and everybody is holy. As Tom said,one time he went out in the wilderness to find his soul, an he foun hejus got a little piece of a great big soul.(pg 373) He just wants to bearound people because he sees everybody as being holy. He also thinks thatpeople working in cooperation is holy: When theyre all workin together,not one fella for another fell, but one fella kind of harnessed to the wholeshebang thats right, thats h oly(pg 71). In the first half of the bookCasy is thinking and forming his ideas. He changes from a thinker to an man ofaction when he sacrifices himself for Tom. When in prison Casy sees theadvantage of organizing people to achieve a common goal. When Casy tried to puthis ideas into action he, like Christ, aroused the antagonism of the people inauthority and was brutally slain. He died, like Christ saying to his crucifiers,You don know what youre a-doin.

Rural Advertising in India free essay sample

Rural markets acquired greater importance in countries like India, China, etc. because of economic growth of the nations now highly depend up on the rural economy. Corporate companies are struggling a lot to get more sales/profits in urban areas i. e. almost all the companies are saturated in urban areas. â€Å"Go rural and be rural† seems to be the guiding principle of marketing. In this context, companies are diversified all their operations toward rural areas. Most of the populations with unmet needs are living in rural areas. Companies should ensure that they understood the hopes and aspirations of the rural population. They should take into consideration the low literacy levels, poor reach of the media and widespread audience and the tradition and culture of the target groups while advertising their product. This paper is developed to discuss the concept and process of rural advertising in India and successful ads. Introduction Customers are the central point in every business. We will write a custom essay sample on Rural Advertising in India or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In present attracting and satisfying customer is more difficult than producing the goods. So seller has to make lot of efforts to attract and to persuade the persons to purchase his products and services. Advertising is an important means to influence the potential customers. Advertising influences customers’ attitudes and purchase behaviour. Advertisements increase brand-familiarity, develop brand-image and help the organization in increasing its market share. Advertising is used for communicating business information to the present and prospective customers. It provides information about the advertising firm, features of its products, qualities, place of availability of its products, different schemes offered, benefits of using its products etc. Advertising is important for both buyers and sellers. The simplest meaning of an advertisement is that it is a public announcement. The advertising is a paid form of non-personal communication with target audience through mass-media such as television, newspapers, magazines, telephone, internet, radio, direct-mail, outdoor displays. By looking at the challenges and the opportunities which rural markets offer to the marketers it can be said that the future is very promising for those who can understand the dynamics of rural markets and exploit them to their best advantage. A radical change in attitudes of marketers towards the vibrant and burgeoning rural markets is called for, so they can successfully impress on the 230 million rural consumers spread over approximately six hundred thousand villages in rural India. The rural market is very large in compare to the urban market as well as it is more challenging market. The consumer wants those products which are long lasting, good, easy to use and cheaper. The income level of rural consumers is not as high as the income level of urban consumers that’s why they want low price goods. It is one of the reasons that the sell of sachet is much larger in the rural area in all segments. Rural market has an untapped potential like rain but it is different from the urban market so it requires the different marketing strategies and marketer has to meet the challenges to be successful in rural market. The Indian advertising industry is talking business today. It has evolved from being a small-scale business to a full-fledged industry. It has emerged as one of the major industries and tertiary sectors and has broadened its horizons be it the creative aspect, the capital employed or the number of personnel involved. Indian advertising industry in very little time has carved a niche for itself and placed itself on the global map. The creative minds that the Indian advertising industry incorporates have come up with some mind-boggling concepts and work that can be termed as masterpieces in the field of advertising. Advertising agencies in the country too have taken a leap. They have come a long way from being small and medium sized industries to becoming well known brands in the business. Mudra, Ogilvy and Mathew (OM), Mccann Ericsonn, Rediffussion, Leo Burnett are some of the top agencies of the country. The Indian advertising today handles both national and international projects. This is primarily because of the reason that the industry offers a host of functions to its clients that include everything from start to finish that include client servicing, media planning, media buying, creative onceptualization, pre and post campaign analysis, market research, marketing, branding, and public relation services. Rural consumers are fundamentally different from their urban counterparts. The lower levels of literacy and limited exposure to product and services are well-known, but there are also differences in occupation options, with a direct impact on income levels and income flows, and a high level of inter-dependency affecting the dynamics of rural community behavior. All contribute to make rural consumer behavior starkly distinct from the urban. Rural marketing has become a greatest challenge to make goods available to the rural markets because of poor infrastructure and lack of understanding of rural consumers. Only 40 per cent of the villages in India were connected by roads and only one third of rural homes had electricity. The rural market in India has great potential, which is just waiting to be tapped. Progress has been made in this area by some, but there seems to be a long way for marketers to go in order to derive and reap maximum benefits. Moreover, rural India is not so poor as it used to be a decade or so back. Things are sure a changing. Companies should ensure that they understood the hopes and aspirations of the rural population. They should take into consideration the low literacy levels, poor reach of the media and widespread audience and the tradition and culture of the target groups while advertising their product. The communication package should be developed only after an in-depth study of the mindset of each rural region. However, while selling products to the rural population, companies should connect with the local people and make an attempt to understand their mindset. Rural communication was an integral part of rural marketing. But, most companies gave the concept of rural communication a step-motherly treatment. Companies needed to invest in the right communication methods aimed at specific target groups. Corporations and advertising agencies have started working in the rural area with a different approach as compared to urban areas, like puppet shows in Punjab, Folk media like Ragini in Haryana for communicating qualities of Virat cement, Pala and Daskathia in Orissa for promoting safe electricity consumption and tooth pastes of Colgate Palmolive, Baul songs in West Bengal for advertising insecticides are some of the examples. Britannia has entered in to the rural market by participating in rural melas and displaying its down market brand Britannia Tiger Biscuits. These rural melas and weekly haats have become more popular medium of rural advertising by the media planners. Through this arrangement they can break the saddle of scant geographical distribution of customers in rural markets as people of number of villages assemble together to participate in the fair. It is a good ground for brand awareness building, trial sales and sampling. It provides a wider audience at a fairly low cost. Companies like HLL, Titan and Colgate Palmolive use festivals like Rathyatra, umbhmela, and Onam for brand promotion. These companies are following a typical media schedule and are always in a march from one place to the other with our festival calendar and a collapsible arrangement of the exhibition setup. Companies can also use popular forms of entertainment like puppetry, nautanki, ragini, bhangra, qaualli and traditional dance shows to increase the brand experience. The companies can develop a story line relating to the brand and show the characters using the brands for their advantage and even the dresses of the characters can be that of the brand‘s packaging. Power of advertising Advertising is any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of products, services or concepts by an identified sponsor. Advertising has became our dominant creative industry – what Stuart Ewen calls ‘the prevailing vernacular of public address’. It sucks up our talent for art, design, creativity and storytelling. It has become such a routine part of everyday life that we rarely stop to think about its significance. For all their diversity, advertisements share one basic value system. Advertisements may be individually innocent;  collectively they are the propaganda wing of a consumerist ideology. The moral of the thousands of different stories they tell is that the only way to secure pleasure, popularity, security, happiness or fulfillment is through buying more; more consumption regardless of how much we already have. The research shows that a walk in the park, social interaction or volunteering – which cost nothing will do more for our well-being than any amount of ‘retail therapy’. Advertising, in that sense, pushes us towards maximizing our income rather than our free time. It pushes us away from activities that give pleasure and meaning to our lives towards an arena that cannot – what Sut Jhally calls ‘the dead world of things’. With the Rural advertising, it can reach more number to rural consumers and create potential market in rural areas. While designing advertisements for the rural audience, one must understand the mindset of the rural audience, keep the message simple and logical, and avoid making it gimmicky. The uses of â€Å"education with entertainment† and â€Å"slice of life† observations are good ideas. A good advertisement tells us we need something even before we think we do. It offers us a look into the ideal life, the ideal body, the ideal mate, all wrapped in an ideal world. In India, the advertising is mostly in English or Hindi and there is often the need for thinking out the advertising concepts and the brand image in the local language itself. Advertising in the local language in the absence of shortage of professionals, makes success of rural advertising campaigns difficult. It is a general assumption of advertising theory that advertising helps to create demand. It may be worth saying to what extent advertising creates demand, particularly in our rural society. A thorough understanding of the rural consumer is a crucial key to rural marketing success. Rural markets large diversity of customs and language into account. Ideas and techniques used in urban areas just won’t work for rural consumers Rural AD Agencies Major agencies dealing with rural marketing are Anugrah Madison, MART, Sampark, Rural Relations, OM Outreach, Linterland, RCM, etc. Madison Advertising Pvt Ltd: The company is 23 years old and is famous in this advertising sector. It deals in Advertising, Media, PR, Rural retail, entertainment, mobile and sports, business analytics. Browse the site for more information. Mudra Communication Pvt. Ltd: This is one of the renowned advertising company of India. This advertising organization was founded in the year 1980 at Mumbai. Recently the Ad company declared the addition of public relations,rural marketing,events etc. The head office of the company is in Bombay Area. Lintas India Pvt. Ltd: After the merge of Lintas India Ltd. with Lowe Lintas and Partners group of the UK, it is now known as Lowe Lintas. India Pvt. Ltd. The turnover of Lintas is Rs. 750 crore. The advertising agency inculcates advertising, media buying house, direct marketing, public relations, design consultancy, market research, events, rural communications and interactive communications. Enterprise Nexus, the agency partner of Lowe in India, continues to be a member and is known as the ‘Independent Brands’ division which is the only specialist in advertising and marketing communications. Lowe Lintas India is a successful agency which is inclined towards quality creative advertising and works for the benefit of its clients. Ogilvy and Mather Limited: The company was founded in 1928 and is based in Mumbai, India. Ogilvy Mather Pvt. , Ltd. operates as an advertising agency in India. The company in India operates with offices located in all the major cities. The company provides various marketing services through Web sites, Wed banners, email marketing, public relationships, radio, direct marketing, promotion, elemarketing, out door, packaging, rural communication, retail visibility and communication, television, and print ads sources. MART, the specialist rural marketing and rural development consultancy has found that 53 per cent of FMCG sales lie in the rural areas, as do 59 per cent of consumer durable sales, said its head Pradeep Kashyap at the seminar. Of two million BSNL mobile connections, 50 per cent went to small towns and villages, of 20 million Rediffmail subscriptions, 60 per cent came from small towns, so did half the transactions on Rediffs shopping site. Successful ADS: Hindustan Lever Limited (HLL) is a good example with successful rural marketing projects like ‘Project Shakti’ and ‘Operation Bharat’. The main emphasis of HLL’s strategy has been to focus on penetrating the market down the line and focusing on price point. Hindustan Lever relies heavily on its own company-organised media. These are promotional events organised by stockists. Coca Cola India entered the rural market by introducing bottles priced at Rs. 5. The campaign was backed with ads featuring well-known actor Aamir Khan. During the Aamir Khan ad-campaign, they also used local language in advertising. A combination of TV, cinema and radio was used to increase the reach to rural consumers. Coca Cola have also used banners and posters, and tapped many local forms of entertainment. Because of the common lack of electricity and refrigerators in rural areas, Coca Cola provides low-cost ice boxes — a tin box for new outlets and thermocool box for seasonal outlets. Guidelines of Rural Advertising Radio is one of the cheapest mass media to reach rural masses. Even where electricity is unreliable, transistor radios are very popular among the poorer sections of rural India. With the number of FM stations set to explode after expansion under Phase Three, it would be possible to reach even more remote areas through radio. Haats and melas tied to temple and religious festivals are great for promoting brands. While haats help in reaching a few thousand villagers from different villages in one place, melas attract lakhs of visitors across the State or across the country as in kumbh melas. They offer a variety of media opportunities in one place. However, it must be remembered that haats are gradually losing their importance in economically developed markets such as Tamil Nadu because of the tremendous progress made by small towns and their easy accessibility to villagers due to better and reliable transport facilities. Static media such as wall paintings, hoardings, shop fronts and point of sale continue to be useful as reminder media. So the messages are prominently displayed in bus stands, railway stations, on water tanks, wells and pump-sets in villages, as well as mobile media such as local buses, Visual Vans and auto-rickshaws etc. Conclusion In India, rural people’s wants, need and desires are changing rapidly, it is very important to know them and give them what they want. Now, rural market is geared for faster growth in the coming years and more sales potential. To attract rural target audience, corporate are developing different strategies. In this context rural advertising has become one of the important strategy in communicating message.

Occupational Therapy essays

Occupational Therapy essays Occupational Therapy A career for the new millennium To become an occupational therapist a person has to go through the proper training, a bachelors degree in O. T. is the minimum requirement for entry into this field(www.aota.org). To obtain a license applicants must graduate from an accredited educational program and must also pass a national certification examination anyone considering this profession should take high school courses in chemistry, biology, physics, health art and the social sciences (www.aota.org) Colleges admissions also look favorably at paid or volunteer experience in the health care field (www.aota.org). Practitioners, students and educators must be actively involved in the process of studying, understanding and consciously utilizing theories of O.T. The person who graduates from an occupational therapy program needs to be independent, critical thinker who is at home with principles and interrelationships among concepts (the practice of occupational therapy Pg.5). Once a person is in this field there are a few skills that if did not have they will need to develop them over time to survive this profession. First of all they must be a people person, they have to love helping others and they must also be a very patient person. Being a occupational therapist is a job that requires you to have a really a good imagination to come up with the different ways of treating your patient various injuries. When your in field you will encounter a lot of rude and frustrated people referring to patients and fellow employees so being prepared for any thing is an important part of being occupational therapist. The main goal of an occupational therapist is to basically help people who have suffered an accident to be able to perform regular task(preface xi), in other words teach them to work around there injuries or disabilities. Its just how occupational therapis...

Reflection Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 10

Reflection Paper - Essay Example sues of division of powers between the federal government and the state governments have been debated and amended all along since the republic was founded. Nevertheless, the powers of the federal government have remained on the top and ever increasing since the civil war period (Baumer & Van, 1989). However, there has been success in the actions undertaken by the congress and constitution interpretation to control the powers of the federal government. The philosophy of applying checks and balances has been the base for the success and the stance of the federal government. The congress has the powers of making laws, while the presidency has the veto powers in any legislative act. Additionally, the president has the powers to nominate judges of the Supreme Court, though they have to be verified by the congress. The Supreme Court has the powers to overturn any law that has been passed by the legislature. The essay seeks to describe and reflect on the current status of the key institutions of the federal government, namely; the presidency and the congress (Marshal &William, 2008). The executive branch is also known as the presidency. The federal government powers are bestowed on the president of the United States. The presidency is made up of the cabinet, the vice president, president and other officials, who the president delegates the powers to (Baumer& Van, 1989). The United States president has a unitary executive theory that is provided by the American constitution. The unilateral executive enables the president to have the power to control the whole executive branch. The provision is found in the Article Two of the United States Constitution. The powers that are bestowed by the constitution are universally agreed with the citizens of the United States of America. Nevertheless, these powers have for long faced criticism. In my point of view, they are dangerous and inappropriately granted. The separation of the powers among the various arms of the government

Change Management College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Change Management College - Essay Example (Cummings. Worley: 1993). Organizational development and change management are concurrent fields which have a common basis and aim that of overall progress of the organization. However each field has specific nuances which are being discussed herein. (Davis: 1998). The aim of change management is to enhance organizational competitiveness. This can be achieved by strategic change and congruence in various facets of an organization, such as aligning the people, processes structures and culture. Change management is designed to change behavior before attitudes. (Davis: 1998). It is commonly believed that a large number of projects fail to achieve the expectations of the senior management. (Responding to Change). A survey by PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) and MORI carried out in the late 1990's revealed that 9 out of 10 barriers to change were related to people and included lack of change management skills, ineffective communications and resistance by employees. (Responding to Change). The phenomenon of organizational change is complex as it involves a number of inter related factors to include the stake holders, the people and the technologies. The key factors in change management are what are known as the softer issues of transforming behavior and training of the staff to accept change. (Responding to Change). ... Two models of change popularly known as the Lewin Model and the Bullock model are being examined herein. Lewin Model of Change - Salient Features Kurt Lewin's model of change evolves from the social-psychological approach to change management which had its matrix in Lewin's observations in the area of field theory, action science, group dynamics and organizational development. The main theme of the model is that an individual is shaped by the social environment rather than his genes. Thus the model entails three steps of unfreezing from the present state, moving to the new state and refreezing in the new state. The first state involves creating dissatisfaction, while the second stage involves organizing and mobilizing resources for change and the final stage, embedding the transformation in the organization. (Change Management : 2006). Thus a transformation from an existing quasi equilibrium to a new quasi equilibrium takes place as indicated in Figure 1. Figure 1 Transition and Forces of Change State A as seen in Figure 1 depicts the status quo of a social system which is held by two sets of forces which are shown by the arrows, that of change and status quo, which results in constancy at L2. In State B change is achieved by increasing forces for change and decreasing resistance thereby accomplishing change through high tension. While State C which takes up limited energy is as proposed by Lewin, wherein the resisting forces are reduced by a number of initiatives which consumes lesser energy than that required to expand the forces of change. (Schumacher). Thus learning is the primary mode of bringing about behavioral changes in people which is undertaken by increasing knowledge and broadening horizons of people affected,

Marketing Plan for New Coca Cola Drink

Marketing Plan for New Coca Cola Drink The following marketing plan is for the introduction of the innovative product line extension of the pioneer beverages company Coca-Cola. The Coke Buzz Tea is fresh and innovative product which will enhance the revenue of the company. The following analysis will allow in outlining the best practises to achieve the strategic goals outlaid by the company. The mix of marketing strategies will facilitate to achieve market share of an estimated 8,688,300 people (target) with a growth of 7.3% as forecasted in 4 years. This will capture the unserved market for ready-to-drink Coke Buzz Tea. The success in the sales growth with this product line extension will bring company to apex position and will tag the company as a market leader in the functional soft drink. Situational analysis Under the situational analysis the changes of trends in beverages industry are thoroughly examined. The SWOT analysis is done to get a clear picture of micro environment variables. Under the industry analysis, the opportunities for an innovative product are discussed Marketing plan In the marketing plan all the research work and marketing strategy is listed. The pricing, promotion and place strategies are in accordance with the ongoing Coca-Cola strategy. The strategies are critically revised to add more value in the balance sheet of the company Financial analysis Under the financial analysis breakeven point calculations are done and also incorporated the expected sales growth and revenue figures. Company description Founded in 1886, we are the worlds major marketer, manufacturer and distributor in non-alcoholic beverages syrups and concentrates, which are consumed in the production of nearly 400 beverages brands that contributes our wide portfolio. We are operating in more than 200 countries with our head office established in Atlanta. We are at the second position in functional and specialty Asian drinks. The Coke Buzz Tea will help the company to achieve the top most position in the ready to drink tea sector. Product description and strategic role in future of the company: Coke Buzz Tea will be a canned and bottled beverage and it will be positioned as the only ready-to-drink tea product available in the market. The product will bring entirely unique experience with the base of green tea enhanced with the fruit flavors such as strawberry, passion fruit and lime. Customers will feel fresh and energetic after sipping this delicious tea. It will pose itself different than the traditional tea while offering the delicious taste of fruit juices in convenient and attractive packing. The strategic role of the Coke Buzz Tea in for Coca-Cola is focused on three objectives: Grow to be a market leader in the functional and ready-to-drink sector with increased market share. To attract the Gen-Y consumers and satisfy their needs with an eye catching and FUNctional product. To stay at the front position as the market leader in innovative product development and successful product launches. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS INDUSTRY ANALYSIS Consumption The sales amount for the functional drinks sector in Canada has approached to $342.2 million in 2004 for a volume of 125.9 million liters. This product division has shown a steady growth since 1999: raise of 13.5% over a phase of 6 years. The consumption rate per capita in 2004 has risen to 4 3.94 liters, which represents a 4.0% increase compared to 1999. The increase of this particular market is mainly due to a slow shift in consumer trends. Trends Through the early 1960s, soft drinks were one and the same with colas in the mind of consumers. In the 1980s and 1990s, however, further beverages (from bottled water to tea) became more accepted. Coca-Cola and Pepsi responded by expanding their product offerings through coalition (e.g. Coke Nestea) and acquisitions (e.g. Coke Minute Maid), but also by keeping their focus on the portfolio diversification. Today, while the soft drink industrys importance has amplified in 2010, the volume sales of carbonated soft drinks has declined due to a large share of consumers who are more attracted towards the trend of healthier drink options in the functional drink segment(smoothies, energy drink, sport drink, milk and juice drinks). Companies have been actively involved in new product developments in order to defy the growing concerns about harmful health impacts of high-fructose drinks, but also to enlarge the demand in a market where product offerings are rapidly maturing. New flavor introductions and health-conscious formulations have been introduced in an attempt to offset the rejection in carbonated soft drink sales The functional market is predictable to show sustained growth and consumer concern in the future years as consumption shifts to healthier, trendier and sophisticated products. Profitability future growth potential In 1993, Concentrate Producers grossed 29% pretax profits on their sales, while bottlers made 9% profits on their sales, for an entire industry profitability of 14%. While the functional drinks segment only accounts for 3.7% of the whole soft drinks sales in 2004, estimations are forecasting a growth of 7.3% in sales and 11.0% in volume consumption by 2010 (ref.4). SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGHTS Effective strides in new markets Coca-Cola has aligned with several companies (such as the joint venture with Nestlà ©) in order to boost the ability to react to demands and variation in the markets of coffee, iced tea and juices. The developing markets are more complex than the developed markets. They require more marketing and product awareness. Strong existing distribution channels Coca-Cola has global operations and is well recognized in its distribution channels (such as store retailers or vending machines). Therefore, a new product launch can usually rely on the existing distribution structure in order to reach the greater part of its target market while requiring no major supply / delivery enlargements. Brand strength The Coca-Cola Company is the biggest manufacturer, distributor and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups in the world. The Coca-Cola brand is unarguably recognizable brands in the 200 countries where it trade its products. The well established and strong brand name is one of the bases for the companys competitive benefit on several of its core markets. WEAKNESSES Relying upon line extensions Coca-Cola is relying on brand expansions increase sales in specific lines, particularly its long-time carbonated soft drink products (i.e. the introduction of Vanilla Coke assisted maintain sales for the core Cola beverages). However, there is a major risk of cannibalizing existing sales in the long term (for example, Bubble Tea might deter on sales for iced tea). Reliant upon particular carbonated drinks The long-time existence of Coca-Colas Coke beverage has conventionally promoted this particular line as a flagship product. The core coke products have gained strong loyalty from customers and have solid basis of sales. The brand is more and more anchored as a single line carbonated drinks which may have taken away the freedom to diversify in other non carbonated products. The Coca-Cola Company is a strictly global multinational business giant. Most of its products are shipped to many areas of the globe. These products have adapted to the geographical requirements Furthermore, many smaller and diversified product lines are more or less accepted in one particular region over another. Therefore, the course of diversifying the production and marketing all products engage costly investments. These capital necessities typically increase as the product becomes heavily focused (for example to market a coke bottle in Japan is less difficult due to the worldwide recognition of the bottle rather than the Qoo in the same country, as the Qoo is the newest non carbonated drink introduced by Coca-Cola in 1999) OPPORTUNITIES New product introductions The functional drinks market is one that predominantly allows more opportunities, innovations and gives greater freedom for creativeness in the production, design, distribution, manufacturing, promotion and retailing choices and processes. Brand is attractive to global partners Because of the size of the company and broad portfolio base, Coca-Cola has strong purchasing power over its suppliers, and also draws large partnerships with various levels of consumer contact (e.g. McDonald, movie studio promotions, promotions in universities, sponsorship agreements, etc.). Existing brand awareness also offer an international playing field for powerful marketing strategies. THREATS Strong competition Coca-Cola has a tough competition in the global market. Though the number of the competitors is less but to capture the bigger share in the crowded market will be a tougher one. Potential health issues The current drift of consumer and consumers groups consciousness towards goods and services is both beneficial and threatening for companies in the food and beverages business. Over the last few years, concerns over health concerns have risen in the media through an extended and ever- growing network of knowledge outputs (TV channels, journals, internet). The shift of the younger generation towards a healthier standard of living needs a careful planning and decision- making in new product developments. Large companies can also straightforwardly become the target of consumers apprehension. Target market Segment identification: RTD (Ready-to-drink) bottled Coke Buzz Tea, to be established within the Functional Drinks sector. Segment needs The product will accommodate to both social needs (perception of a social, fun drink with a sense of belonging within peer consumer groups) and physiological needs (hydrating and nutritional value). Segment trends The current trends include a move away from junk foods and carbonated drinks, a rising interest for healthier / beneficial foodstuffs for the mind and body, the trend towards the accessibility of on-the-go products for those with an active lifestyle, as well as the inclination for personalization through customization. Conclusion Based on the aforementioned analysis, Coke Buzz Tea appears to be a profitable and innovative product with a strong outlook for market share presence and segment growth opportunity. Upon execution of the marketing plan, the Coca-Cola Company will reclaim increased market shares and claim its targeted situational place of market leader in the functional drinks section as well as keeping its long-standing consumer appreciation for innovative and successful product launches in diversified markets. Projected profits will be $243,029.47. Objective The objectives of the marketing plan are focused on the three main criteria: To establish a wide brand recognition through the capturing of market share Making consumers more aware regarding the Coke Buzz Tea product from coke. To attain a market leader position in the functional drink sector PRODUCT STRATEGY The core Bubble Tea beverage in a pre-bottled and pre canned, ready-to-drink format. The actual product Packaging and labeling: see figure images.jpg Branding: Colorful, aspect of play, round shaped, prominent Buzz logo written in modern font, catchphrases such as Think outside the Bubble and Get Your Buzz. Trade name: Coke Buzz Teaà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢, a Coca-Cola product Brand personality: oomph, funky, cool, purposeful, original, funny, healthy, etc. Brand equity: Coca-Cola provides a consistent, quality, accessible and innovative soft drink reputation. Augmented product Nutritional information, Status (social drink), Features promoting the website, Healthy drink with an advantage of a green tea base. Marketing considerations Product life cycle Coke Buzz Tea is a low-learning product. With a strong marketing promotion, sales [will] begin immediately and the paybacks of the purchases are readily understood. Since Coke Buzz Tea is prone to product imitation, Coca- Colas strategy is to widen distribution rapidly, which is currently possible, credit to the companys high manufacturing capacity. Coke Buzz Tea pursues the practice of product line extension. PRICE STRATEGY The price strategy that will be undertaken should consider the following aspects: 1. Consumer demand 2. The product lifecycle 3. Potential substitutes Customer demand Customer demand is a vital factor which is driven by flavor, income and availability of others alike products at a different price (mentioned later in the potential substitutes section). For a lot of customers, value and price are much related: the higher the price, the higher the value. As a result, Coca-Colas intention to position Coke Buzz Tea as an exclusive, innovative and attractive product offer it a certain control over price. The product lifecycle The company should take benefit also to the fact that the newer the product and the in advance in its lifecycle the higher the price can typically be. It ensures a high profit margin as the early adopters get the product and the firm seeks to earn development costs quickly and it also carry a certain prestige to the product. http://www.sabertek.co.za/images/ProductLifeCycle.png PROMOTION STRATEGY Objectives: To create strong awareness about the launch of Coke Buzz Tea among the Gen-Y (10-29 years old) consumers and their parents. This is very essential to win the market share against the main competitor PepsiCo. Message: The promotional outputs will convey the clear message that:- Coke Buzz is a healthy drink for active and young people who simply enjoy taking care of their body and life. Think outside the buzz: BeBold, BeOriginal, BeDifferent, BeYourself. A good spirit in a good body. Media selection: Before selecting the appropriate medias, it is significant to note that Generation Y consumers only give partial consideration to media. However, they can be reached through incorporated programs. They are typically using other than one communication media at a time; a behavior that is commonly called multitasking. This set of consumers doesnt give its complete attention to one single message, but rather uses continuous fractional attention to scan the media. Marketers can still communicate with Generation Y by means of a variety of targeted promotional tools. Another vital tactic to reach our target market is through Viral or Buzz marketing, which Coca-Cola will greatly use in this campaign (campus, contests). Advertising: PROMOTIONAL MIX Consumer oriented: Contests: Win another Coke Buzz Tea flavor, Uncover a secret code beneath the bottle cap and win sporting goods and electronics by logging on the website (Arguments: It will boost consumer purchases and encourage consumer involvement with the product). Samples: Distribution of samples in supermarkets, school/universities and near theaters. Samples are a technique to avoid product resistance since people are not used to find bubbles in their drinks. Arguments: It will encourage people to buy the new Coke Buzz Tea and it signifies low risk for customers since they get it for free. They have nothing to lose by trying it. Point-of-purchase: In supermarkets (to reach the parents of generation Y). Arguments: It is also a way to increase product trial and provides a good product visibility. Trade oriented: Allowances and discounts: Case allowance (Arguments: The free goods approach will be used so it can push retailers to buy more of the product to get a certain amount for free). Cooperative advertising: To cheer retailers to buy our product and to sustain our high level of advertisement that consumers anticipate from Coca-Cola. Other considerations: IMC (integrated marketing communication) Intermediary: personal selling will be more often used. Ultimate consumer: Coca-Cola will use additional mass media because the amount of possible buyers is large. PLACE (DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY) Coke Buzz Tea will be distributed through these channels: Convenience stores Supermarkets Independent food stores Multiple grocers Discount stores Vending machines Direct sales. FINANCIAL MEASURES Requirement for success analysis: C.M. per bottle = 382,159.36 / 328,000 = $1.17 Break-even: (113,453.56+25,676.33) / 1.17 = 118,914 (bottles) http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/home.ubalt.edu/ntsbarsh/Business-stat/otherapplets/BreakEvent.gif Market share: 118,914 / 1,000,000 = 11.9% In one year, if Coca-cola can sell 118,914 bottles of Coke Buzz Tea, or in other words achieve 11.9% of the functional drink market share, it will break even. After this point, every bottle Coca cola sells will generate average $1.17 towards the profits. The potential profits can up to $1,030,770.001 based on our target market. Expected Costs: COGS: $597,124 * 36% = $214,964.64 O/H: $597,124* 38% = $226,907.12 Expected Revenues (total) = $597,124 1 $1.17*(1-11.9%)*1,000,000 = $1,030,770 CALCULATIONS Based on Coca-Colas previous financial statements, we will see the Average COGS/Revenues for year 2005, 2004, and 2003 is 36%4. Operating Costs /Revenues = 38%5 Moreover, since our target market are 1,000,000 cans annually assuming Coca-cola maintains its market share in functional drink 32.8%, we predict our sales as 1,000,000 * 32.8% = 328,000 bottles. We use the ratio of average capital expenditures / net operation income for North America to estimate the fixed cost we need for producing Bubble Buzz in Canada: 4.3%6 of the total revenue. Task 3 The Coke Buzz Tea is a product line extension for the well established Brand Coca-Cola. The company has won the award of the most valuable company and always at the first place in providing the full value for the money. The Coke Buzz is the extension in the product line but it offers the same commitment for the value for the money as the other Coke products are offering. As the starting price of the Coke Buzz is kept little higher than the existing products. This can be compensated by justifying the nutrition content and the uniqueness of the product. The freshness of the green tea and the delicious taste of the fruit flavors will let consumers enjoy the full value of their money. The advertisement has a vital role in the success of the product. As there is a neck to neck competition between Coke and Pepsi. So Coke needs a strong advertisement to backup the launch of the product. In the marketing plan I have discussed the promotion process which is very diversified. This product is clearly targeting the young generation, which may be students, college students, young employees, athletes and few old people who like to change the conventional tea with something exciting. This age groups is not limited to a single advertisement media. So a proper mix of advertisement media is required. Critical reflective learning is the learning technique with which students or the learner brings the theoretical knowledge into practical use. With the help of the reflective learning individuals grow in term of knowledge, social and professional skills. In the course of MBA the reflective learning process plays very critical role. Sometimes even in organizations, the managers fail to possess reflective learning skills. The reflective learning bridges the gap between what we have learned in the school and what we need to stay in business. In the course of Marketing Management, I have leaned the various marketing tools, techniques, concept and theories. In the starting the course module was very easy and according to my prior experience of sales assistant. Before the MBA course I was working as an efficient sales executive in a multinational company. Though my background was not supporting the role I was working in. but my strong communication and social skills bought success and perks during my job tenure. To add more skill set under my CV and to gain the insight of the corporate world, I chosen the business study. During the first few weeks of Marketing Management course I was very amused to see the simple marketing techniques but having critical affect on the revenues. The mode of teaching was mainly through slides and case studies. This helped in the implementation of the theories and various concepts in on the real time companies. The course started with a slow pace and I was able to gain the basics of the marketing. The aim of the module was to provide future managers an understanding of the key theories that underpin the study of Marketing, as well as an opportunity to analyze and evaluate the marketing strategies of successful and not-so-successful businesses. The module started with the 4ps of marketing and phillip kotler reaserch work. I have gained the sense of importance of the Place, Promotion, Price and Product. To make any product successful, there should be a proper strategy for the marketing mix. In the preceding week I came to know the various aspects of the buying behavior of the consumers. The adoption process sounded very interesting in creating hype for the product. I learned how adoption levels vary among the consumers and came to know the various classes of the consumers. After gaining the insight of the concept the course was advanced to the product life cycle. This helped me in the understanding of the processes involved in the birth phase of the product to the decline of the product and how the marketing mix changes with the life cycle. Week 4 and 5 revolved around the segmentation of the market and how to capture the target market. Though I had little knowledge of the market segmentation and the target market due to my past job. The addition to my knowledge was the techniques used to segment the market. Earlier I was not sure how the companies segment their markets but the study of demographic, geographic, behavior descriptors made me aware of the causes of segmentation. But sometimes I got confused as there are some companies whose products are same for all buyers e.g. Coca-Cola, and Pepsi. Although they produce different products but the basis of their sales is still the old flavor drink. I had very fascinating moment when I studied Michel Porters generic strategies. I found the practice use of the generic strategies when I writing my project report. These strategies found very helpful in the positioning of the product in the market. After studying the half of the course I was bit confused in the fit between the preference of the market segment and current positioning of the product. For this I did a personal research and wrote a positioning statement to guide development and implementation of marketing strategy. After this revision I was able to grasp the concept of the final decision on where a product will be placed, OR where a current product will be repositioned to within the market. Learning of the Forecasting technique was a very new thing for me. This concept was totally practical and had mathematical touch. This was the only topic I faced in module in which I touched the calculator. Along with the course work I learned the concept of forecasting techniques with my own research. The six techniques took long time to learn. In the same week I learned the importance of the market research techniques. These were very helpful for me to grow socially. I found them very interesting as they need a direct contact with the customers. The thing that disappointed me in the course module is the affective use of the technology in the market segment. The module was not equipped with the technologies that help in the real time marketing environment. I felt to do self study in this field but the burden of the study and work restricted me to go beyond the course module. Though I kept myself updated with the use of internet and various marketing magazines. In the course work I read about the client contact management system ACT. In the ACT system the Advertising companies have the salespersons contacts in the ACT database and they offer information on the last ad they purchased. This helps the sales person be more effective in their sales and try to sell products (advertisements) they know the customer will be interested in purchasing. By the week 6 I gained the basic and advanced knowledge in the module. Week 7 was little difficult for me to understand. The positioning process was very confusing for me as it involved lot of research and practical knowledge. For this purpose I took help from my friends who were working in the supermarkets and big grocery stores. The term positioning was very new to me as I had never encountered with this process during my job. The positioning task had many steps as I learned: Select the target market Set the promotional objective Set the promotional budget Design the promotional mix Carry out a research to find out if the promotional objectives met This was the scene when I had to implement my all marketing knowledge which I had learned in the course. Week 8 study was more practical than the article. In that week I practiced many real time problems which a manager can face or the issues which can arise in the marketing division or in the whole organization. In that particular lecture I came to know the ethical issues associated with the marketing practice. Though in the lecture very limited knowledge was given on that topic but the lecturer was able to convey the importance of the topic. After the week 8 I assessed myself on the basis of the knowledge I earned in the module and found that I become sound in theoretical part but I found difficulties in relating the concepts with the real time scenarios. This was due to the less number of assignments given in the module description. Though the final assignment which needed a lot of research and cleared most of the quarries. But the module needs to be revised as there should be a proper assignment is required in the middle of the course work, so that students will able to attach themselves with the practical world at very early stage. I felt the major drawback in the course module is the involvement of the students. There was negligible number of the seminars given by the students. This kept me at back end in term of confidence to speak in front of the whole class. There were no debates or maybe there wasnt any weighting to the debate, thats why nobody cared about them. At the end of the reflective learning process I am still not comfortable with the technological advancement in the sector of the marketing. I have very limited knowledge about the tools used by the managers in the real world. I thought to attend a seminar to overcome the limitation of my knowledge but then I realized it would be better if the college admin will add this as activity in the course module. My personal assessment revealed the shortcomings in my presentational skills and analytical skills. To overcome the hurdle I made proper strategy for which I joined the study groups in the libraries and started to read case studies. The other tools which helped in the reflective learning are the journals, magazines, TV, internet and the various seminars. http://www.scribd.com

Challenges for US Counter-terrorism Efforts Essay -- September 11 Terr

Challenges for US Counter-terrorism Efforts    As a direct consequence of September 11, a number of substantial challenges lie ahead in the area of counter-terrorism..  Ã‚   The most prominent of these is the changing nature of the terrorism phenomenon.   In past years, when terrorism was largely the product of direct state sponsorship, policymakers were able to diminish prospects for the United States becoming a target using a combination of diplomatic and military instruments to deter potential state sponsors.   Today, however, many terrorist organizations and individuals act independently from former and present state sponsors, shifting to other sources of support, including the development of transnational networks.    Many terrorism experts have suggested a shift in the type of violence terrorists are willing to inflict.   Terrorism statistics indicate an overall reduction in the number of terrorism incidents per year, but an increase in the number of victims per incidents.   While the number of historical cases of terrorists using CBRN weaponry is low, this trend toward increasing violence and less state control may drive certain terrorist groups toward unconventional weapons.   On the other hand, the reduction in direct state support may decrease the terrorist's ability to acquire or independently develop CBRN weapons. These shifts have produced a number of policy and program initiatives designed to better deter and prevent future acts of terrorism while also building a national capacity to effectively respond to terrorism incidents involving the full range of weapon types.      A key challenge is working both at home and abroad to identify, track, and defeat terrorist groups before they undertake acts of violen... ... more fully explored.    As we move forward after September 11, terrorism receives increased attention in the foreign policy, national defense, and law enforcement communities. As we assess and formulate our international and national commitments, policymakers are likely to consider possible impacts of terrorism on those commitments and on public and political support vital to those commitments.   The challenges facing us in assessing threats, allocating resources, and insuring an effective congressional role in counter-terrorism policy are complex.   But inherent in challenges are opportunities to bring together the diverse elements of the counter-terrorism community to share information, experiences, ideas, and creative suggestions about how to effectively deal with this growing national security, law enforcement, and public policy concern.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚